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1. Lielā Ellīte Cave
Extraordinary sandstone outcrop for Latvia (Amata suite) with several arches, pillars, hollows, and a cave — shaped as a result of suffusion processes. The total length of Lielā Ellīte Cave (also called Ellīte, Velna ceplis, Velna krāsns, Vella Cave, Liepmuiža Cave, Liepa Cave) is slightly above 20 m, the ceiling height reaches 3.5 m, and width — 5 m. A powerful spring flows out of the cave. Probably its formation had started some 7000 years ago. The place has been much damaged; at the beginning of the 20th century the white sand was extracted, later on it was trampled and damaged in other ways. Nowadays the object and its closest vicinity are clean and well managed. Lielā Ellīte is an ancient pagan place and an object with long tourism history.
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2. Lode Clay-pit
Located between Liepa Village and the primeval valley of the River Gauja. The clay layers of Lode were discovered in 1953 by the geologist J. Slienis. Ten years later industrial extraction of clay for brick-making was started. The clay-pit became world famous when the geologist V. Kuršs in 1970 first time in the history of the world discovered well-preserved fossils of the Upper Devonian armoured fish and Strunius kurshi fish. Still nowhere else such fish fossils in such good condition have been discovered; part of the fossils can be viewed in the expositions and funds of the Latvian Museum of Natural History. Nowadays clay is extracted by the company “Lode” which produces finishing, oven-chimney, and construction bricks, as well as other clay items. The Lode armoured fish deposit is a protected nature monument.
Pay attention!
The sandy quarry habitat is home to heat-loving species, which are best spotted on sunny days. The nearby Gauja oxbow lakes are a good place to watch dragonflies, while the local forests are suitable for other invertebrates. The best time to watch insects is June–August. Here you might see the northern dune tiger beetle and the green hawker.
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3. Primeval Valley of the River Gauja
One of the most impressive Baltic terrain forms, which accommodates Gauja National Park to protect and preserve it. Near Sigulda the primeval valley reaches its maximum depth of 85 m and is around 1 km wide, while near Līču–Laņģu Cliffs it is around 0.6–0.7 km wide. Sandstone outcrops, often called rocks by the locals, dating back to the Devonian Period are among the natural and landscape values and tourism sightseeing objects of the River Gauja and its tributaries. Līču–Laņģu Cliffs is one of the largest sandstone set on the River Gauja.
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4. Līču–Laņģu Cliffs
Around 1 km long rocky cliff on the left side of the primeval valley wall of the River Gauja, which cannot be seen from the river. Its maximum height is ~30 m. The forms of sandstone outcroppings (Gauja suite) are very diverse: pre-dominated by more than 10 m high vertical walls divided by deep lateral ravines. Around 20 springs are flowing out of the feet of Līču–Laņģu Cliffs, due to which caves of various length and hollows of various sizes have been shaped. Lielā Laņģu Cave, which is located on the southern part of cliffs, is the longest (48 m), and a powerful spring flows out of it. 50 m to the north of that cave is the Vidējā Laņģu Cave (total length 30 m), while another 50 m northward — Mazā Laņģu Cave (4.2 m). In the northern side of Līču–Laņģu Cliffs, there is a larger cave formed by a spring; and after the ceiling fell down, it turned into an extraordinary ravine with 8 m high, steep walls. On the side of the ravine, there is an interesting cave with three passages. Not far from here is the 7 m long Augšala Cave and the very narrow, 12 m long Apakšala Cave. Although the feet of the cliffs is not facilitated and is rather hard to access, the Līču–Laņģu Cliffs are quite popular among tourists.
Pay attention!
In the brooks coming from springs near cave portals and sandstone outcrops, brown mucus — the iron bacteria — are seen. At the feet of the cliffs — large decayed trees and deadwood, which are home to various species of beetles, door snails. Traces by woodpeckers on the trees are also visible. On the outcrops — colonies of single bees, various species of moss (Tortula lingulata moss, great-scented liverwort, etc.) and lichen (crustose lichen, velvet lichen, peltigeras, etc.), polypores, fragile fern, nests of wrens. The area is a good place for wild mushroom picking.
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By walking: 1H 33 min
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